ARC - An arc is most commonly found in a scenario where in a which the character is found vulnerable, and the camera follows this character in the shape of an arc. This is often found to be used in conversations alongside movements such as the panning shot.
In the extract to the left we can identify the use of the arc shot, as a fellow soldier attempts to help a fallen comrad. The arc helps create the idea of tension and this protagonist being surrounded by potential threats. Furthermore it also helps the audience to key in specifically on the central points at which the characters are placed.
Tracking shot - Tracking shots are a shot designed to express either lack of movment in a shot, or to emphasise the movement of characters / mis en scene in the shot. Doing such methods creates a much faster and increased tension built atmosphere for the audience to experience. In addition to that, the concept behind of a movie is that it should almost all the time be moving, whether it is characters or the camera.
Tracking shots should not be used in the light of large crowds or scenes filled with mass movement as the audience may be distracted by the movement of the camera.
Dolly shot - A dolly shot is much like a tracking shot, following a character or object but in a specific direction rather than a continuous follow. Unlike the tracking shot, a dolly shot is designed to smoothly move in a specific direction, and therefore uses what is called a dolly. A dolly is a tripod-ed camera that uses rails or tracks in order to move to create a level and smooth shot [Fig. 1]
Zoom in / Zoom out - A zoom is often merged with a dolly shot however this is one of the camera movements which I intend to either defy conventions or not use at all. The reason behind this is due to action film conventions are constantly being changed and adapted expressed through numerous examples and research I have found. As I intend to create a more modern action film I aim to avoid such methods.